Volume 13, Number 2—February 2007
Dispatch
Pneumocystis Pneumonia in HIV-positive Adults, Malawi1
Joep J.G. van Oosterhout*, Miriam K. Laufer†, M. Arantza Perez*, Stephen M. Graham*, Nelson Chimbiya*, Phillip C. Thesing*, Miriam J. Álvarez-Martinez‡, Paul E. Wilson‡, Maganizo Chagomerana*, Eduard E. Zijlstra*, Terrie E. Taylor*§, Christopher V. Plowe†
, and Steven R Meshnick‡
, and Steven R Meshnick‡
Table 2
Outcomes in 95 episodes of suspected Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP), Malawi, 2002–2004*
| Final diagnosis† | Clinical diagnosis‡ | No. episodes | IF | PCR | Follow-up data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confirmed PcP | PcP | 2 | Pos | Pos | – |
| Confirmed PcP | PcP | 1 | Neg | Pos | – |
| Confirmed PcP | PcP | 1 | – | – | Death after 2 wk of PcP treatment (IS not done due to respiratory distress) |
| Confirmed PcP | Bronchiectasies | 1 | Neg | Pos | Death 1 wk after IS |
| Confirmed PcP | Tuberculosis | 1 | Neg | Pos | Improvement but short follow-up (2 wk) |
| Pneumocystis colonization/pulmonary KS | Pulmonary KS | 3§ | Neg | Pos | Death 23 wk after first IS |
| Pneumocystis colonization/tuberculosis | Tuberculosis | 3 | Neg | Pos | Recovery |
| Pneumocystis colonization/bacterial pneumonia | Bacterial pneumonia | 2 | Neg | Pos | Recovery |
| Pneumocystis colonization/unspecified respiratory illness | Unspecified respiratory illness | 2 | Neg | Pos | Recovery |
| Pneumocystis colonization/other diagnosis | Other diagnosis¶ | 1 | Neg | Pos | Recovery |
| Unspecified respiratory illness | PcP | 3 | Neg | Neg | – |
| Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis | 19 | Neg | Neg | – |
| Bacterial pneumonia | Bacterial pneumonia | 10 | Neg | Neg | – |
| Unspecified respiratory illness | Unspecified respiratory illness | 20 | Neg | Neg | – |
| Unspecified respiratory illness | Unspecified respiratory illness | 1 | Neg | NA | Recovery (18 wk follow-up) |
| Other diagnoses¶ | Other diagnoses¶ | 24 | Neg | Neg | – |
| Other diagnosis¶ | Other diagnosis¶ | 1 | Neg | NA | Recovery (>1 y follow-up) |
*IF, immunofluorescence stain; pos, positive; neg, negative; IS, induced sputum procedure; KS, Kaposi sarcoma.
†Diagnosis based on clinical evidence, IF, and PCR from an IS sample, and follow-up after episode.
‡Diagnosis based on clinical evidence and IF from an IS sample.
§Three episodes occurring in 1 person.
¶Among other diagnoses were sepsis, bronchitis, emphysema, pulmonary KS, and bronchiectasis.
1Data from this study were presented in part at 9th College of Medicine Research Dissemination Conference, Blantyre, Malawi, 12 Nov 2005 (abstract DCON/05/44), and XV International AIDS Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–16 Jul 2004 (abstract MoPeB3198).
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