Volume 12, Number 11—November 2006
Research
Susceptibility of North American Ducks and Gulls to H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses
, David E. Stallknecht*, Joan R. Beck†, David L. Suarez†, and David E. Swayne†
Table 1
Morbidity, mortality, and virus isolation data from 5 species of ducks and laughing gulls* intranasally inoculated with 2 different H5N1 HPAI viruses†
| Virus/Host | No. sick/total (‡) | No. dead/total (§) | Virus isolation (oral swab) | Virus isolation (cloacal swab) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence, no. positive/total | Duration, days | AMT¶ (log10 EID50/mL) | Prevalence, no. positive/total | Duration, days | AMT (log10 EID50/mL) | |||
| Mongolia/05 | ||||||||
| BWT | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 2 | 3.8 | 1/3 | 1 | 1.0 |
| RD | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 1–4 | 2.8 | 2/3 | 1 | 1.2 |
| WD | 2/3 (5) | 2/3 (7,8) | 3/3 | 4–6 | 4.6 | 2/3 | 2,3 | 3.8 |
| MD | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 (1) | 1–3 | 3.1 | 1/3 (1) | 1 | 1.0 |
| NP | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 1–2 | 1.5 | 1/3 | 1 | 1.0 |
| LG | 3/3 (2–5) | 2/3 (7,8) | 3/3 | 7–8 | 4.2 | 3/3 | 4–7 | 2.6 |
| Anyang/01 | ||||||||
| BWT | 0/3 | 0/3 | 2/3 | 1,2 | 2.0 | 0/3 | – | – |
| RD | 0/3 | 0/3 | 2/3 | 4 | 4.0 | 0/3 | – | – |
| WD | 2/3 (6) | 1/3 (8) | 3/3 | 7 | 5.0 | 2/3 | 4,5 | 2.8 |
| MD | 0/3 | 0/3 | 3/3 | 1–2 | 2.1 | 1/3 | 1 | 1.0 |
| NP | 0/3 | 0/3 | 2/3 | 1,4 | 1.1 | 0/3 | – | – |
| LG | 3/3 (3–5) | 2/3 (9–10) | 3/3 | 6–10 | 5.0 | 3/3 | 3–6 | 2.0
*Intranasally sham-inoculated control birds for each avian species lacked clinical, serologic, virologic, and pathologic evidence of avian influenza virus infection. |
*Intranasally sham-inoculated control birds for each avian species lacked clinical, serologic, virologic, and pathologic evidence of avian influenza virus infection.
†HPAI, highly pathogenic avian influenza; BWT, blue-winged teal; RD, redhead; WD, wood duck; MD, mallard; NP, northern pintail, LG, laughing gull; Mongolia/05, A/Whooper Swan/Mongolia/244/05; Anyang/01, A/Duck Meat/Anyang/01.
‡No. in parentheses indicates the first day postinoculation that clinical disease was apparent.
§No. in parentheses indicates day of death.
¶Average maximum titer (AMT) is the average peak titer for birds that shed virus (log10 50% embryo infective dose/mL).