Volume 12, Number 6—June 2006
Research
Multidrug-resistant Commensal Escherichia coli in Children, Peru and Bolivia
Alessandro Bartoloni*
, Lucia Pallecchi†, Marta Benedetti*, Connie Fernandez‡, Yolanda Vallejos§, Elisa Guzman¶, Ana Liz Villagran§, Antonia Mantella*, Chiara Lucchetti†, Filippo Bartalesi*, Marianne Strohmeyer*, Angela Bechini*, Herlan Gamboa§, Hugo Rodríguez‡, Torkel Falkenberg#, Göran Kronvall#, Eduardo Gotuzzo**, Franco Paradisi*, and Gian Maria Rossolini†
, Lucia Pallecchi†, Marta Benedetti*, Connie Fernandez‡, Yolanda Vallejos§, Elisa Guzman¶, Ana Liz Villagran§, Antonia Mantella*, Chiara Lucchetti†, Filippo Bartalesi*, Marianne Strohmeyer*, Angela Bechini*, Herlan Gamboa§, Hugo Rodríguez‡, Torkel Falkenberg#, Göran Kronvall#, Eduardo Gotuzzo**, Franco Paradisi*, and Gian Maria Rossolini†
Table 1
Prevalence, expressed as percentage, of healthy children carrying antimicrobial drug–resistant Escherichia coli as part of their commensal flora and of children in whom resistant E. coli constituted the predominant flora*†
| Drug | Bolivia |
Peru |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camiri | Villa Montes | p value | Yurimaguas | Moyobamba | p value | Bolivia, subtotal | Peru, subtotal | Total | p value | |
| Ampicillin | 98 (95) | 96 (87) | <0.05 | 92 (76) | 93 (83) | NS | 97 (91) | 92 (80) | 95 (85) | <0.001 |
| SXT‡ | 98 (94) | 95 (86) | <0.05 | 89 (72) | 93 (83) | <0.05 | 96 (90) | 91 (77) | 94 (84) | <0.001 |
| Tetracycline | 96 (91) | 92 (82) | <0.05 | 89 (71) | 93 (81) | <0.05 | 94 (86) | 91 (76) | 93 (81) | <0.05 |
| Streptomycin | 96 (89) | 88 (79) | <0.001 | 71 (50) | 86 (66) | <0.001 | 92 (84) | 79 (58) | 82 (68) | <0.001 |
| Chloramphenicol | 74 (58) | 65 (40) | <0.001 | 69 (42) | 72 (48) | NS | 70 (49) | 71 (45) | 70 (47) | NS |
| Nalidixic acid | 44 (25) | 29 (13) | <0.001 | 27 (8) | 41 (18) | <0.001 | 36 (19) | 38 (13) | 35 (16) | NS |
| Kanamycin | 37 (20) | 31 (12) | <0.05 | 22 (8) | 23 (9) | NS | 34 (16) | 22 (9) | 28 (12) | <0.001 |
| Gentamicin | 28 (16) | 18 (10) | <0.001 | 19 (9) | 21 (10) | NS | 23 (13) | 20 (10) | 21 (11) | <0.05 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 21 (10) | 10 (4) | <0.001 | 16 (5) | 25 (9) | <0.001 | 16 (7) | 21 (7) | 18 (7) | <0.001 |
| Amikacin | 0 | 0.1 (0) | NA | 1 (0.4) | 0.4 (0.3) | NA | 0.1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0.4 (0.2) | NA |
| Ceftriaxone | 0.1 (0) | 0.1 (0.1) | NA | 0.3 (0) | 0.1 (0.1) | NA | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | NA |
*Inside parentheses: proportion of carriers in whom resistant E. coli constituted the predominant flora. NS, not significant; NA, not applicable.
†Number of children from whom samples were obtained: Camiri = 794; Villa Montes = 790; Yurimaguas = 797; Moyobamba = 793; Bolivia = 1,584; Peru = 1,590; and total = 3,174.
‡SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
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