Volume 13, Number 9—September 2007
Research
HIV, Hepatitis C, and Hepatitis B Infections and Associated Risk Behavior in Injection Drug Users, Kabul, Afghanistan
Catherine S. Todd*, Abdullah M.S. Abed†, Steffanie A. Strathdee*, Paul T. Scott‡
, Boulos A. Botros§, Naqibullah Safi†, and Kenneth C. Earhart§
, Boulos A. Botros§, Naqibullah Safi†, and Kenneth C. Earhart§
Table
Factors independently associated with HCV infection (n = 170) by multivariable analysis in 463 male injection drug users, Kabul, Afghanistan*
| Factor | Value |
|---|---|
| HCV prevalence | 107 (36.8) |
| Demographic factors | |
| Married | 0.60 (0.40–0.92) |
| Higher educational level | 0.51 (0.29–0.88) |
| Drug practices | |
| Ever shared needle or syringe | 2.60 (1.71–3.96) |
| Duration injection drug use >3 y | 3.28 (2.17–4.96) |
| Medical encounters | |
| Injections by a nonmedical provider | 2.71 (1.26–5.82) |
*HCV, hepatitis C virus. Values are no. (%) or adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval). Analysis was adjusted for marital status, educational level, duration of injecting, sharing needles or syringes, and injections by a nonmedical provider.
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