Volume 15, Number 3—March 2009
Dispatch
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1) Outbreak in Captive Wild Birds and Cats, Cambodia
Stéphanie Desvaux
, Nick Marx, Sivuth Ong, Nicolas Gaidet, Matt Hunt, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, San Sorn, Ahmad M. Hakawi, Sylvie van der Werf, and Jean-Marc Reynes
, Nick Marx, Sivuth Ong, Nicolas Gaidet, Matt Hunt, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, San Sorn, Ahmad M. Hakawi, Sylvie van der Werf, and Jean-Marc Reynes
Table 1
Cumulative deaths during an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1), Phnom Tamao Wildlife Rescue Centre, Cambodia, December 15, 2003–January 13, 2004*
| Order | Family | Species (common name), no. sampled | No. dead birds in S1 | No. birds not dead in S1 | Cumulative deaths in S2, % (dead/total at risk) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per species | Per order | |||||
| Anseriformes |
Anatidae |
Anas poecilorhyncha (Indian spot-billed duck) |
NP |
NP |
0 (0/4) |
0 (0/4) |
| Ciconiiformes |
Ardeidae | Ardea cinerea (grey heron), n = 2 | 4 | 2 | NP | 47 (9/19) |
| Ardeola speciosa (Javan-pond heron), n = 1 | 7 | 0 | 100 (7/7) | |||
| Butorides striatus (little heron) | NP | NP | 0 (0/1) | |||
| Egretta garzetta (little egret) | NP | NP | 18 (2/11) | |||
| Ciconidae |
Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus (black-neck stork) | 1 | 3 | NP | ||
| Leptoptilos dubius (greater adjutant stork) | 2 | 1 | NP | |||
| Leptoptilos javanicus (lesser adjutant stork) | 3 | 21 | NP | |||
| Mycteria leucocephala (painted stork) | 6 | 20 | NP | |||
| Ciconia episcopus (wooly necked stork) | 0 | 3 | NP | |||
| Anastomus oscitans (Asian openbill stork) |
0 |
5 |
NP |
|||
| Colombiformes |
Colombidae |
Treron curvirostra (thick-billed green pigeon) | NP | NP | 0 (0/7 | 0 (0/17) |
| Streptopelia chinensis (spotted dove) |
NP |
NP |
0 (0/10) |
|||
| Coraciiformes |
Buceritidae |
Buceros bicornis (great hornbill) |
NP |
NP |
100 (1/1) |
100 (1/1) |
| Falconiformes |
Accipitridae |
Gyps bengalensis (white-rumped vulture) | NP | NP | 100 (1/1) | 93 (13/14) |
| Haliastur indus (Brahminy kite) | NP | NP | 0 (0/1) | |||
| Ichthyophaga ichtyaetus (grey-headed fish eagle) | 3 | 0 | 100 (4/4) | |||
| Ictinaetus malayensis (black eagle) | NP | NP | 100 (1/1) | |||
| Milvus migrans (black kite) | 1 | 0 | NP | |||
| Spilornis cheela (crested serpent eagle), n = 1 | 1 | 0 | 100 (5/5) | |||
| Spizaetus cirrhatus (changeable hawk eagle), n = 1 |
0 |
0 |
100 (2/2) |
|||
| Galliformes |
Numididae | Agelastes sp (guineafowl) | NP | NP | 33.3 (1/3) | 36 (5/14) |
| Phasianidae |
Pavo muticus (green peafowl) | 0 | 3 | 100 (3/3) | ||
| Gallus gallus (red jungle fowl) |
NP |
NP |
12.5 (1/8) |
|||
| Gruiformes |
Gruidae |
Grus antigone (Sarus crane) |
3 |
0 |
NP |
|
| Passeriformes |
Corvidae | Corvus macrorynchos (large-billed crow), n = 1 | 2 | 0 | 100 (3/3) | 25 (3/12) |
| Sturnidae |
Gracula religiosa (hill mynah) | NP | NP | 0 (0/3) | ||
| Acridotheres tristis (common mynah) | NP | NP | 0 (0/4) | |||
| Acridotheres javanicus (white-vented mynah) | NP | NP | 0 (0/1) | |||
| Sturnus contra (Asian pied starling) |
NP |
NP |
0 (0/1) |
|||
| Pelecaniformes |
Anhigindae | Anhinga melanogaster (oriental darter) | 0 | 1 | NP | |
| Pelecanidae |
Pelecanus philippensis (spot-billed pelican) |
3 |
2 |
NP |
||
| Psittaciformes |
Psittacidae |
Psittacula eupatria (Alexandrine parakeet), n = 1† | 1 | 0 | 50 (1/2) | 0 (1/146) |
| Psittacula roseate (blossom-headed parakeet) | NP | NP | 0 (0/20) | |||
| Psittacula alexandri (red-breasted parakeet) | NP | NP | 0 (0/20) | |||
| Psittacula finschii (grey-headed parakeet) |
NP |
NP |
0 (0/104) |
|||
| Strigiformes |
Strigidae | Bubo nipalensis (spot-bellied eagle owl), n = 1 | 0 | 0 | 100 (1/1) | 92 (12/13) |
| Ketupa ketupu (buffy fish owl) | NP | NP | 100 (3/3) | |||
| Ketupa zeylonensis (brown fish owl) | NP | NP | 86 (6/7) | |||
| Strix seloputo (spotted wood owl) | NP | NP | 100 (2/2) | |||
| Tytonidae |
Tyto alba (barn owl) |
5 |
0 |
NP |
||
| Total | 8 sampled | 42 | 61 | 18.3% (44/240) | ||
*S1, aviary section in which cumulative mortality rate could not be estimated because exact bird population was not known and birds were difficult to observe; S2, aviary section in which captive bird population was exactly known and number of dead birds was precisely recorded; NP, species not present in S1 or S2.
†Only sample that was negative for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1); all other birds sampled were positive.
Page created: December 07, 2010
Page updated: December 07, 2010
Page reviewed: December 07, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.