Volume 16, Number 12—December 2010
Dispatch
Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Outbreak at Canadian Forces Cadet Camp
, Laura E. Bogaert, Robert Barber, Francois-William Tremblay, Robert Ennis, Martin Tepper, Robert Pless, Nathalie Bastien, Yan Li, Carole Beaudoin, James Anderson, Louise Pelletier, and Rachel Rodin
Table 2
Frequency of reported symptoms of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection, Army Cadet Summer Training Centre Argonaut at Canadian Forces Base, Gagetown, New Brunswick, Canada, 2009*
| Symptoms | No. persons reporting symptom/no. persons reporting (%) |
OR (95% CI)‡ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants, n = 165 | Persons with confirmed/ suspected cases,† n = 80 | Controls, n = 85 | ||
| None |
28/165 (17.0) |
1/80 (1.3) |
27/85 (31.8) |
|
| Systemic | ||||
| Fever | 56/164 (34.1) | 55/80 (68.8) | 1/84 (1.2) | |
| Chills | 44/165 (26.7) | 41/80 (51.2) | 3/85 (3.5) | |
| Headache | 58/165 (35.2) | 39/80 (48.8) | 19/85 (22.4) | 3.3 (1.7–6.5)§ |
| Prostration | 52/164 (31.7) | 37/79 (46.8) | 15/85 (17.6) | 4.1 (2.0–8.4)¶ |
| Malaise | 67/165 (40.6) | 47/80 (58.8) | 20/85 (23.5) | 4.6 (2.4–9.0)¶ |
| Arthralgia | 19/165 (11.5) | 13/80 (16.2) | 6/85 (7.1) | 2.6 (0.9–7.1) |
| Myalgia |
26/165 (15.8) |
20/80 (25.0) |
6/85 (7.1) |
4.4 (1.7–11.6)§ |
| Lower respiratory | ||||
| Cough | 97/165 (58.8) | 76/80 (95.0) | 21/85 (24.7) | |
| Sputum production | 33/164 (20.1) | 26/79 (32.9) | 7/85 (8.2) | 5.5 (2.2–13.5)¶ |
| Shortness of breath | 30/165 (18.2) | 26/80 (32.5) | 4/85 (4.7) | 9.8 (3.2–29.5)¶ |
| Chest pain |
14/165 (8.5) |
13/80 (16.2) |
1/85 (1.2) |
16.3 (2.1–127.8)§ |
| Upper respiratory | ||||
| Sore throat | 76/164 (46.3) | 56/80 (70.0) | 20/84 (23.8) | |
| Nasal congestion | 76/164 (46.3) | 55/79 (69.6) | 21/85 (24.7) | |
| Sneezing | 27/164 (16.5) | 20/79 (25.3) | 7/85 (8.2) | 3.8 (1.5–9.5)§ |
| Runny nose | 41/159 (25.8) | 32/75 (42.7) | 9/84 (10.7) | 6.2 (2.7–14.2)¶ |
| Nosebleeds |
10/165 (6.1) |
9/80 (11.2) |
1/85 (1.2) |
10.6 (1.3–86.1)# |
| Gastrointestinal | ||||
| Nausea | 50/165 (30.3) | 42/80 (52.5) | 8/85 (9.4) | |
| Abdominal pain | 28/165 (17.0) | 17/80 (21.2) | 11/85 (12.9) | 1.8 (0.8–4.2) |
| Diarrhea | 26/165 (15.8) | 19/80 (23.8) | 7/85 (8.2) | 3.5 (1.4–8.8)# |
| Vomiting |
24/165 (14.5) |
20/80 (25.0) |
4/85 (4.7) |
6.8 (2.2–20.8)¶ |
| Neurologic | ||||
| Seizures | 0/164 (0.0) | 0/80 (0.0) | 0/85 (0.0) | NA |
| Change in awareness |
29/165 (17.6) |
25/80 (31.2) |
4/85 (4.7) |
9.2 (3.0–27.9)¶ |
| Other | ||||
| Conjunctivitis | 2/164 (1.2) | 1/79 (1.3) | 1/85 (1.2) | 1.0 (0.1–17.5) |
| Other** |
16/165 (9.7) |
14/80 (17.5) |
2/85 (2.4) |
8.8 (2.0–40.1)§ |
| Mean no. symptoms | 6.5 | 8.7 | 3.4 | |
*One person reported no symptoms but was PCR and culture positive. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable.
†Fever and nausea reported by a greater proportion of cases than suspected cases (p<0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). Cases and suspect cases did not differ significantly in frequency of symptoms not in the case definition or median number of symptoms and have therefore been combined here.
‡Odds ratios were not calculated for symptoms included in the case definition (fever, chills, cough, sore throat, congestion, nausea).
§p<0.01.
¶p<0.001.
#p<0.05.
**Other symptoms reported: bilateral ear infection, bruising, ear pain, ear popping, eye pain, hot flashes, jaw pain, loss of appetite, loss of voice, rib pain, swelling of eyes, swollen tonsils, toothache (1 person each); dizziness (3 persons). All persons who reported symptoms in this category had >1 other reported symptom.