Volume 17, Number 2—February 2011
Research
Risk Factors for Cryptococcus gattii Infection, British Columbia, Canada
Laura MacDougall
, Murray Fyfe, Marc Romney, Mike Starr, and Eleni Galanis
, Murray Fyfe, Marc Romney, Mike Starr, and Eleni Galanis
Table 1
ORs for risk factors for Cryptococcus gattii infection for 30 matched case-patient and general population sets, British Columbia, Canada, 1999–2007*
| Risk factors |
MOR (95% CI) |
| Medical | |
| Lung conditions† | 3.21 (1.08–9.52) |
| Pneumonia | 2.71 (1.05–6.98) |
| Asthma | 0.45 (0.12–1.66) |
| Diabetes | 0.65 (0.17–2.50) |
| Anemia | 2.64 (0.74–9.44) |
| Arthritis | 0.97 (0.37–2.49) |
| Liver disease | 4.00 (0.36–44.10) |
| Cancer | 2.03 (0.63–6.81) |
| Other fungal infections | 1.69 (0.23–12.20) |
| Tuberculosis | 3.24 (0.29–36.60) |
| Oral steroid use‡ | 8.11 (1.74–37.80) |
| Current smoker | 1.00 (0.34–2.93) |
| Ever smoked |
1.18 (0.44–3.20) |
| Environmentalठ| |
| Living with 1 mile of woods | 1.70 (0.17–2.02) |
| Outdoor building or repairing house | 4.00 (1.00–16.00) |
| Cutting/chopping wood | 0.17 (0.04–0.76) |
| Pruning | 0.28 (0.09–0.88) |
| Cleaning up branches | 0.29 (0.10–0.84) |
| Digging earth | 0.93 (0.38–2.30) |
| Camping | 1.23 (0.23–2.91) |
| Gardening | 1.15 (0.47–2.79) |
*MOR, matched odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Boldface indicates significant risk factors.
†Includes emphysema, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis.
‡In 3 mo before symptom onset.
§Other environmental risk factors not significant at α = 0.05: animal or crop farm within 1 mile of residence; construction or landscaping activities; cleaning of buildings, eaves, troughs, or bird feeders; contact with individual tree species; visits to botanical gardens; boating; use of compost materials and bark mulch.
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