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Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016
Dispatch

Daily Reportable Disease Spatiotemporal Cluster Detection, New York City, New York, USA, 2014–2015

Sharon K. GreeneComments to Author , Eric R. Peterson, Deborah Kapell, Annie D. Fine, and Martin Kulldorff
Author affiliations: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York, USA (S.K. Greene, E.R. Peterson, D. Kapell, A.D. Fine); Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (M. Kulldorff)

Main Article

Table 2

Signaling rates at 3 recurrence interval thresholds for 35 reportable diseases under surveillance in New York City, New York, USA, 2014–2015*

Disease Annual no. cases‡ No. signals during 365 d of prospective surveillance†
Recurrence interval >365 d§ Recurrence interval >100 d Recurrence interval >30 d
Amebiasis 476 0 1.2 4.3
Babesiosis 57 0 0 0
Campylobacteriosis 1,663 0.6 0.6 4.9
Chikungunya 171 0.6 1.8 3.1
Cholera 0 0 0 0
Cryptosporidiosis 135 0 0 0.6
Cyclosporiasis 51 0 0 1.2
Dengue 57 0 0 1.8
Encephalitis 2 0 0 0
Giardiasis 871 1.2 1.8 5.5
Hemolytic uremic syndrome 4 0 0 0
Hepatitis A 78 1.9 1.9 5.8
Acute hepatitis B 51 0.6 1.2 3.7
Hepatitis D 0 0 0 0
Hepatitis E 0 0 0.6 0.6
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis 51 0.6 0.6 0.6
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis 8 0 0.6 0.6
Invasive group A Streptococcus disease 263 0 0 1.8
Invasive group B Streptococcus disease 33 0.6 1.2 2.4
Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease 97 0 0 1.8
Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae disease 647 0 1.2 1.8
Legionellosis 434 9.1 9.1 11.4
Listeriosis 34 0 0 0.6
Malaria 187 0.6 1.8 4.3
Meningococcal disease 8 0 0 0.6
Noncholera Vibrio spp. infection 18 0 0 0
Paratyphoid fever 11 0 0 0
Rickettisalpox 9 0 0 0
Rocky Mountain spotted fever 6 0 0 2.4
Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli 96 0 0 0
Shigellosis 806 1.8 1.8 6.1
Typhoid fever 31 0 1.9 3.8
Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus infection 28 0 0 0
West Nile virus disease 19 0 0 0
Yersiniosis
 25
 0
 0
 0
Total signals across all diseases under surveillance NA 17.8 27.6 69.8

*Signals were detected by using the prospective space–time permutation scan statistic. NA, not applicable.
†A signal for a particular disease was defined as unique if the first most likely cluster on a particular day did not encompass any of the same census tracts as the first most likely cluster on the prior day. The signaling rate for most diseases was based on 598 d of surveillance (February 10, 2014–September 30, 2015). For 5 diseases, the signaling rate was based on a shorter surveillance period to reflect analytic adjustments: hepatitis A, paratyphoid fever, and typhoid fever (190 d under surveillance after extending to a 60-d maximum temporal cluster size); legionellosis (160 d under surveillance after excluding unresolved cases); and Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (21 d under surveillance after excluding cases with only a positive multiplex PCR gastrointestinal panel test).
‡Confirmed, probable, and suspected cases among residents with event dates October 1, 2014–September 30, 2015.
§The signal was detected at the lower ≥100-d threshold on the same day for 50% of the signals, 1 d earlier for 19% of signals, 2 d earlier for 19% of signals, 3 d earlier for 6% of signals, and 7 d earlier for 6% of signals.

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Page created: September 19, 2016
Page updated: September 19, 2016
Page reviewed: September 19, 2016
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