Volume 27, Number 2—February 2021
Dispatch
Murine Typhus in Canary Islands, Spain, 1999–2015
José María Robaina-Bordón, Cristina Carranza-Rodríguez, Michele Hernández-Cabrera, Margarita Bolaños-Rivero, Elena Pisos-Álamo, Nieves Jaén-Sánchez, Araceli Hernández-Betancor, Laura Suárez-Hormiga, and José Luis Pérez-Arellano
Table 2
Laboratory test results for patients with cases of endemic murine typhus, Canary Islands, Spain, 1999–2015*
| Finding | No. (%) | IgM >1:1,280, no. (%)† | 4-fold IgG titer increase, no. (%)‡ | p-value | Cutoff values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anemia, n = 220 | 38 (17.3) | 16 (22.5) | 22 (14.8) | 0.15 | <12 g/dL Hb in women, <13 g/dL Hb in men |
| Leukopenia, n = 220 | 23 (10.5) | 7 (9.9) | 16 (10.7) | 0.26 | <4,000/μL |
| Leukocytosis, n = 220 | 42 (19.1) | 18 (25.4) | 24 (16.1) | 0.26 | >11,000/μL |
| Thrombocytopenia, n = 218 | 127 (58.3) | 28 (39.4) | 99 (67.3) | <0.01 | <150,000/μL |
| Increased ESR, n = 106 | 64 (60.4) | 27 (65.9) | 37 (56.9) | 0.42 | Upper limit of normality calculated according to age and sex |
| Prolonged PT, n = 197 | 82 (41.6) | 27 (42.9) | 55 (41) | 0.81 | <80% |
| Increased aPTTr, n = 188 | 6 (3.2) | 2 (3.4) | 4 (3.1) | 0.99 | >1.2 |
| Plasma Cr increase, n = 215 | 47 (21.9) | 16 (23.5) | 31 (21.1) | 0.72 | >1.2 mg/dL |
| Hyponatremia, n = 205 | 119 (58) | 30 (50) | 89 (61.4) | 0.13 | <135 mEq/L |
| Plasma CK increase, n = 97 | 20 (20.6) | 5 (13.5) | 15 (25) | 0.17 | >232 U/L |
| Plasma urea increase, n = 211 | 36 (17.1) | 12 (18.5) | 24 (16.4) | 0.72 | >40 mg/dL |
| Plasma LDH increase, n = 138 | 131 (94.9) | 40 (90.9) | 91 (96.8) | 0.21 | >190 U/L |
| Plasma ALT increase, n = 197 | 184 (93.4) | 59 (92.2) | 125 (94) | 0.76 | >35 U/L |
| Plasma AST increase, n = 196 | 182 (92.9) | 55 (88.7) | 127 (94.81) | 0.14 | >35 U/L |
| Plasma AP increase, n = 109 | 38 (34.9) | 10 (25.6) | 28 (40) | 0.15 | >136 U/L |
| Plasma GGT increase, n = 166 | 91 (54.8) | 29 (52.7) | 62 (55.9) | 0.74 | >85 U/L |
| Microhematuria, n = 195 | 146 (74.9) | 45 (72.6) | 101 (75.9) | 0.6 | >5 RBCs/mm3 |
| Proteinuria, n = 195 | 169 (86.7) | 54 (87.1) | 115 (86.5) | 0.9 | Positive urine test strip |
| Leukocyturia, n = 194 | 123 (63.4) | 38 (62.3) | 85 (63.9) | 0.83 | >10 WBCs/mm3 |
*ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AP, alkaline phosphatase; aPTTr, activated partial thromboplastin time ratio; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; Cr, creatinine; CK, creatine kinase; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; Hb, hemoglobin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; PT, prothrombin Time; RBCs, red blood cells; WBCs, white blood cells. †Patients given a diagnosis by testing of 1 sample (criterion 1). ‡Patients given a diagnosis by testing of 2 consecutive samples (criterion 2).
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