Volume 3, Number 2—June 1997
Synopsis
Hantaviruses: A Global Disease Problem
Connie Schmaljohn*
and Brian Hjelle
and Brian Hjelle
Table 1
Members of the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae
| Species | Disease | Principal Reservoir | Distribution of Virus | Distribution of Reservoir |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hantaan (HTN) | HFRSa | Apodemus agrarius (striped field mouse) | China, Russia, Korea | C Europe south to Thrace, Caucasus, & Tien Shan Mtns; Amur River through Korea to E Xizang & E Yunnan, W Sichuan, Fujiau, & Taiwan(China) |
| Dobrava-Belgrade (DOB) | HFRS | Apodemus flavicollis (yellow-neck mouse) | Balkans | England & Wales, from NW Spain, France, S Scandinavia through European Russia to Urals, S Italy, the Balkans, Syria, Lebanon, & Israel |
| Seoul (SEO) | HFRS | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Worldwide | Worldwide |
| Puumala (PUU) | HFRS | Clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole) | Europe, Russia, Scandinavia | W Palearctic from France and Scandinavia to Lake Baikai, south to N Spain, N Italy, Balkans,W Turkey, N Kazakhstan, Altai & Sayan Mtns; Britain & SW Ireland |
| Thailand (THAI) | ndb | Bandicota indica (bandicoot rat) | Thailand | Sri Lanka, peninsular India to Nepal, Burma, NE India, S China, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam |
| Prospect Hill (PH) | nd | Microtus pennsylvanicus (meadow vole) | U.S., Canada | C Alaska to Labrador, including Newfoundland & Prince Edward Island, Canada; Rocky Mountains to N New Mexico, in Great Plains to N Kansas, & in Appalachians to N Georgia, U.S. |
| Khabarovsk (KHB) | nd | Microtus fortis (reed vole) | Russia | Transbaikalia Amur region; E China |
| Thottapalayam (TPM) | nd | Suncus murinus (musk shrew) | India | Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, China, Taiwan, Japan, Indomalayan Region |
| Tula (TUL) | nd | Microtus arvalis (European common vole) | Europe | Throughout Europe to Black Sea & NE to Kirov region, Russia |
| Sin Nombre (SN) | HPSc | Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) | U.S., Canada, | Alaska Panhandle across N Mexico Canada, south through most of continental U.S., excluding SE & E seaboard, to southernmost Baja California Sur and to NC Oaxaca, Mexico |
| New York (NY) | HPS | Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) | U.S. | C and E U.S. to S Alberta & S Ontario, Quebec & Nova Scotia, Canada; to N Durango & along Caribbean coast to Isthmus of Tehuantepec & Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico |
| Black Creek Canal (BCC) | HPS | Sigmodon hispidus (cotton rat) | U.S. | SE U.S., from S Nebraska to C Virginia south to SE Arizona & peninsular Florida; interior & E Mexico through Middle America to C Panama; in South Amer ica to N Colombia & N Venezuela |
| El Moro Canyon (ELMC)d | nd | Reithrodontomys megalotis (Western harvest mouse) | U.S., Mexico | British Columbia & SE Alberta, Canada; W and NC U.S., S to N Baja California & interior Mexico to central Oaxaca |
| Bayou (BAY)d | HPS | Oryzomys palustri (rice rat) | U.S. | SE Kansas to E Texas, eastward to S New Jersey & peninsular Florida |
| Probable species:e | ||||
| Topografov (TOP) | nd | Lemmus sibiricus (Siberian lemming) | Siberia | Palearctic, from White Sea, W Russia, to Chukotski Peninsula, NE Siberia, & Kamchatka; Nearctic, from W Alaska E to Baffin Island & Hudson Bay, S Rocky Mtns to C B.C., Canada |
| Andes (AND)d | HPS | Oligoryzomys longicaudatusf (long-tailed pygmy rice rat) | Argentina | NC to S Andes, approximately to 50 deg S latitude, in Chile & Argentina |
| To be namedd | HPS | Calomys laucha vesper mouse | Paraguay | N Argentina & Uruguay, SE Bolivia, W Paraguay, and WC Brazil |
| Isla Vista (ISLA)d | nd | Microtus californicus (California vole) | U.S. | Pacific coast, from SW Oregon through California, U.S., to N Baja California, Mexico |
| Bloodland Lake (BLL)d | nd | Microtus ochrogaster (prairie vole) | U.S. | N & C Great Plains, EC Alberta to S Manitoba, Canada, S to N Oklahoma & Arkansas, E to C Tennessee & W West Virginia, U.S.; relic populations elsewhere in U.S. & Mexico |
| Muleshoe (MUL)d | nd | Sigmodon hipidus (cotton rat) | U.S. | See Black Creek Canal |
| Rio Segundo (RIOS)d | nd | Reithrodontomys mexicanus (Mexican harvest mouse) | Costa Rica | S Tamaulipas & WC Michoacan, Mexico, S through Middle American highlands to W Panama; Andes of W Colombia & N Ecuador |
| Rio Mamore (RIOM)d | nd | Oligoryzomys microtis (small-eared pygmy rice rat) | Bolivia | C Brazil south of Rios Solimoes- Amazon & contiguous low lands of Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, & Argentina. |
aHFRS, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
bnd, none documented
cHPS, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
d not yet isolated in cell culture
e viruses for which incomplete characterization is available, but for which there is clear evidence indicating that they are unique
f suspected host, but not confirmed
Adapted from (57,72) and from (9,13,23,38,42,43,50-71)
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