Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 24, Number 2—February 2018
Dispatch

Effects of Culling on Leptospira interrogans Carriage by Rats

Michael J. LeeComments to Author , Kaylee A. Byers, Christina M. Donovan, Julie J. Bidulka, Craig Stephen, David M. Patrick, and Chelsea G. Himsworth
Author affiliations: The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (M.J. Lee, K.A. Byers, C.M. Donovan, D.M. Patrick, C.G. Himsworth); Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada (M.J. Lee, K.A. Byers, C. Stephen, C.G. Himsworth); British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Abbotsford (J.J. Bidulka, C.G. Himsworth); University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada (C. Stephen); British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver (D.M. Patrick)

Main Article

Figure 1

Two example sites side-by-side in a study of the effects of culling on Leptospira interrogans carriage by rats, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, June 2016–January 2017. Each site comprised 3 city blocks connected by continuous alleys; individual sites that were trapped at the same time had parallel alleys separated by major roads and multiple buildings that, based on previous research (9,10), rats were assumed to be unlikely to move between. Five and 7 sites were randomly selected as interve

Figure 1. Two example sites side-by-side in a study of the effects of culling on Leptospira interrogans carriage by rats, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, June 2016–January 2017. Each site comprised 3 city blocks connected by continuous alleys; individual sites that were trapped at the same time had parallel alleys separated by major roads and multiple buildings that, based on previous research (9,10), rats were assumed to be unlikely to move between. Five and 7 sites were randomly selected as intervention and control sites, respectively. In intervention sites, kill-trapping was conducted in the center of the 3 blocks; blocks flanking the intervention block were designated nonkill flanking blocks (nonkill flanking blocks were trapped to detect any indirect effects of kill-trapping, such as immigration from/emigration to the intervention block). Image downloaded from Google Earth Professional (https://www.google.com/earth/download/gep/agree.html).

Main Article

References
  1. Guerra  MA. Leptospirosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009;234:472–8, 430.
  2. Costa  F, Hagan  JE, Calcagno  J, Kane  M, Torgerson  P, Martinez-Silveira  MS, et al. Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9:e000389819. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Himsworth  CG, Parsons  KL, Jardine  C, Patrick  DM. Rats, cities, people, and pathogens: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of literature regarding the ecology of rat-associated zoonoses in urban centers. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2013;13:34959. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Himsworth  CG, Bidulka  J, Parsons  KL, Feng  AYT, Tang  P, Jardine  CM, et al. Ecology of Leptospira interrogans in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) in an inner-city neighborhood of Vancouver, Canada. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7:e22709. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Amman  BR, Nyakarahuka  L, McElroy  AK, Dodd  KA, Sealy  TK, Schuh  AJ, et al. Marburgvirus resurgence in Kitaka Mine bat population after extermination attempts, Uganda. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:17614. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Donnelly  CA, Woodroffe  R, Cox  DR, Bourne  FJ, Cheeseman  CL, Clifton-Hadley  RS, et al. Positive and negative effects of widespread badger culling on tuberculosis in cattle. Nature. 2006;439:8436. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Meyer  A. Urban commensal rodent control: fact or fiction? In: Singleton GR, Hinds LA, Krebs CJ, Spratt DM, editors. ACIAR monograph series. Canberra (ACT, Australia): Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; 2003. p. 446–50.
  8. Colvin  BA, Jackson  WB. Urban rodent control programs for the 21st century. In: Singleton GR, Hinds LA, Leirs H, Zhang Z, editors. ACIAR monograph series. Canberra (ACT, Australia): Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; 1999. p. 243–57.
  9. Davis  DE, Emlen  JT, Stokes  AW. Studies on home range in the brown rat. J Mammal. 1948;29:20725. DOIGoogle Scholar
  10. Gardner-Santana  LC, Norris  DE, Fornadel  CM, Hinson  ER, Klein  SL, Glass  GE. Commensal ecology, urban landscapes, and their influence on the genetic characteristics of city-dwelling Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). Mol Ecol. 2009;18:276678. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Dohoo  I, Martin  W, Stryhn  H. Veterinary epidemiological research. Charlottetown (PEI, Canada): AVC Inc.; 2007.
  12. Cowan  DP, Quy  RJ, Lambert  MS. Ecological perspectives on the management of commensal rodents. In: Singleton GR, Hinds LA, Krebs CJ, Spratt DM, editors. ACIAR Monograph series. Canberra (ACT, Australia): Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; 2003. p. 433–39.
  13. Clapperton  BK. A review of the current knowledge of rodent behaviour in relation to control devices. Science for conservation monograph series. Wellington (New Zealand): Science & Technical Publishing, New Zealand Department of Conservation; 2006.
  14. Himsworth  CG, Bai  Y, Kosoy  MY, Wood  H, DiBernardo  A, Lindsay  R, et al. An investigation of Bartonella spp., Rickettsia typhi, and Seoul hantavirus in rats (Rattus spp.) from an inner-city neighborhood of Vancouver, Canada: is pathogen presence a reflection of global and local rat population structure? Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2015;15:216. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Himsworth  CG, Miller  RR, Montoya  V, Hoang  L, Romney  MG, Al-Rawahi  GN, et al. Carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by wild urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). PLoS One. 2014;9:e879839. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: January 17, 2018
Page updated: January 17, 2018
Page reviewed: January 17, 2018
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external