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Volume 30, Number 9—September 2024
Dispatch

Cocirculation of Genetically Distinct Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N5 and H5N1 Viruses in Crows, Hokkaido, Japan

Yik Lim Hew, Takahiro HionoComments to Author , Isabella Monne, Kei Nabeshima, Saki Sakuma, Asuka Kumagai, Shunya Okamura, Kosuke Soda, Hiroshi Ito, Mana Esaki, Kosuke Okuya, Makoto Ozawa, Toshiyo Yabuta, Hiroki Takakuwa, Linh Bao Nguyen, Norikazu Isoda, Kohtaro Miyazawa, Manabu Onuma, and Yoshihiro Sakoda
Author affiliations: Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (Y.L. Hew, T. Hiono, L.B. Nguyen, N. Isoda, Y. Sakoda); Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy (I. Monne); National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan (K. Nabeshima, M. Onuma); National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba (S. Sakuma, A. Kumagai, K. Miyazawa); Tottori University, Tottori, Japan (S. Okamura, K. Soda, H. Ito); Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (M. Esaki, K. Okuya, M. Ozawa); Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan (T. Yabuta, H. Takakuwa)

Main Article

Table 3

Cross-hemagglutination inhibition assay titers of H5 HPAIVs in study of cocirculation of genetically distinct H5N5 and H5N1 HPAIVs in crows, Hokkaido, Japan*

Tested virus Subtype Clade Subgroup Titers using antiserum against indicated H5 viruses
Cr/Hok/ B003/22 Ck/Hok/ E001/22 Ew/Hok/Q71/22 WTE/Hok/R22/22 Dk/VN/ HU16-DD3/23 Mdk/ DRC/ KAF1/17 Ck/Kum/1-7/14 Bs/Aki/1/16
Cr/Hok/ B073/24†
 H5N5
 2.3.4.4b
 G2a
 640
 160
 40
 640
 320
 640
 320
 320
Cr/Hok/ B003/22
 H5N2
 2.3.4.4b
 G2d
 640
 640
 80
 320
 640
 1,280
 640
 160
Ck/Hok/ E001/22
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2d
 320
 640
 160
 320
 640
 1,280
 640
 80
Ew/Hok/Q71/22
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2b
 320
 640
 320
 160
 640
 1,280
 320
 160
WTE/Hok/R22/22
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2d
 640
 640
 160
 320
 640
 2,560
 640
 80
Dk/VN/ HU16-DD3/23
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2c
 640
 320
 80
 640
 640
 320
 320
 80
Ck/Hok/ B102/23
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2c
 640
 320
 80
 320
 1,280
 160
 160
 40
Mdk/ DRC/ KAF1/17
 H5N8
 2.3.4.4b
 NA
 640
 640
 80
 160
 640
 1,280
 640
 80
Fox/Hok/1/22
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2d
 640
 320
 160
 640
 640
 640
 320
 160
Cr/Hok/ B067/23
 H5N1
 2.3.4.4b
 G2d
 160
 160
 80
 320
 640
 320
 80
 40
Np/Hok/M13/20
 H5N8
 2.3.4.4b
 G1
 640
 640
 20
 160
 640
 2,560
 640
 40
Ck/Kum/1–7/14
 H5N8
 2.3.4.4c
 NA
 320
 640
 40
 20
 160
 640
 640
 80
Bs/Akita/1/16 H5N6 2.3.4.4e NA 160 320 20 80 160 320 160 640

*Antiserum against H5 virus isolates was used to test antigenicity of different H5Nx HPAIVs. Bold values indicate homologous titers. Each abbreviated name is defined as follows: Cr/Hok/B073/24 (H5N5), A/large-billed crow/Hokkaido/B073/2024 (H5N5); Cr/Hok/B003/22, A/large-billed crow/Hokkaido/B003/2022 (H5N2); Ck/Hok/E001/22, A/chicken/Hokkaido/HU-E001/2022 (H5N1); Ew/Hok/Q71/22, A/Eurasian wigeon/Hokkaido/Q71/2022 (H5N1); WTE/Hok/R22/22, A/white-tailed eagle/Hokkaido/22-RU-WTE-2/2022 (H5N1); Dk/VN/HU-16-DD3/23, A/duck/Vietnam/HU16-DD3/2023 (H5N1); Ck/Hok/B102/23, A/chicken/Hokkaido/HU-B102/2023 (H5N1); Mdk/DRC/KAF1/17, A/Muscovy duck/DR Congo/KAF1/2017 (H5N8); Fox/Hok/1/22, A/Ezo red fox/Hokkaido/1/2022 (H5N1); Cr/Hok/B067/23, A/large-billed crow/Hokkaido/B067/2023 (H5N1); Np/Hok/M13/20, A/northern pintail/Hokkaido/M13/2020 (H5N1); Ck/Kum/1–7/14, A/chicken/Kumamoto/1–7/2014 (H5N8); Bs/Akita/1/16, A/black swan/Akita/1/2016 (H5N6). HPAIV, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; NA, not applicable. †H5N5 virus isolated in Hokkaido in winter 2023–24.

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Page created: July 08, 2024
Page updated: August 21, 2024
Page reviewed: August 21, 2024
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