Lower Microscopy Sensitivity with Decreasing Malaria Prevalence in the Urban Amazon Region, Brazil, 2018–2021
Priscila T. Rodrigues, Igor C. Johansen, Winni A. Ladeia, Fabiana D. Esquivel, Rodrigo M. Corder, Juliana Tonini, Priscila R. Calil, Anderson R.J. Fernandes, Pablo S. Fontoura, Carlos E. Cavasini, Joseph M. Vinetz, Marcia C. Castro, Marcelo U. Ferreira
, and
on behalf of the Mâncio Lima Cohort Study Working Group1
Author affiliations: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, Brazil (P.T. Rodrigues); University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (P.T. Rodrigues, I.C. Johansen, W.A. Ladeia, F.D. Esquivel, R.M. Corder; J. Tonini, P.R. Calil, A.R.J. Fernandes, P.S. Fontoura, M.U. Ferreira); State University of Campinas, Campinas (I.C. Johansen); Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil (J. Tonini); Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (A.R.J. Fernandes); Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil (P.S. Fontoura); Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil (C.E. Cavasini); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (J.M. Vinetz); Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru (J.M. Vinetz); Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (M.C. Castro); Global Health and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal (M.U. Ferreira); Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon (M.U. Ferreira)
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Figure 5
Figure 5. Minimal spanning trees representing the connectivity of Plasmodium falciparum haplotypes from the Juruá Valley region of Brazil (162 isolates collected 2018 ‒2021). Similar to Figure 4, circles represent haplotypes with size linearly proportional to the number of isolates sharing them and lines connect pairs of haplotypes with <5 allele mismatches. Haplotype colors indicate the likely site of infection (Appendix Figure 2). In 7 circles (haplotypes), slices of different colors indicate that the corresponding haplotypes were shared by parasites from different geographic origins.
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